| One Tree Hill Adelaide, South Australia |
|||||||||||||
One Tree Hill Institute Building |
|||||||||||||
| Population: | 1,268 (2006 Census)[1] | ||||||||||||
| Established: | 1851 | ||||||||||||
| Postcode: | 5114 | ||||||||||||
| Location: |
|
||||||||||||
| LGA: | City of Playford | ||||||||||||
| State District: | Napier | ||||||||||||
| Federal Division: | Wakefield | ||||||||||||
|
|||||||||||||
One Tree Hill is a town on the outskirts of Adelaide, South Australia. It is located in the City of Playford.
Contents |
The suburb takes its name from the 'One Tree Hill Inn' (licensed in 1851), for many years the meeting place of the District Council of Munno Para. The inn's name, in turn, referred to a giant red gum tree which stood nearby.[2]. The tree burnt down in 1890 and was cut down in 1934.
The Kaurna people were the indigenous inhabitants of the Adelaide region, which includes One Tree Hill. The Peramangk people, living further inland, visited the area from time to time, chiefly in the warmer parts of the year. This was due to the area being cooler and better watered than the plains. The hills at this time were well wooded with tree species that had been in the area for around 6000 years. Along the rivers and creeks and wide valleys could be found tall, heavy eucalypts, many of which had wide, hollowed bases large enough for the Aboriginals to use as shelters. There were many such shelter trees in use by the Kaurna and Peramangk as late as the 1840s, and evidence exists that they hunted and gathered in the woodlands and grasslands for many generations prior to European settlement. Unfortunately, the community declined soon after European settlement, and most of what we know about them today comes from the few artifacts and sparse archaeological evidence that they left behind. [3]
Europeans settled the area in the early 1840s, and the township commenced in 1851 with the building of the One Tree Hill Inn. The settlement was located in a strategic location, being close to several larger towns (such as Gawler and Salisbury) with facilities, and became the meeting place of the surrounding rural community, including Gould Creek and Uleybury. A post office and general store were built in 1858 which featured a large cellar where produce including local wine was sold. In 1906, the Institute, which cost about £600, was built across the road from the post office, and became a town meeting place and recreation centre, which was expanded considerably in 1978.[3]
One Tree Hill Post Office opened on 19 May 1857.[4]
The 2006 Census by the Australian Bureau of Statistics counted 1,268 persons in One Tree Hill on census night. Of these, 52.4% were male and 47.6% were female[1].
The majority of residents (71.2%) are of Australian birth, with 14.8% born in England[1].
The age distribution of One Tree Hill residents is comparable to that of the greater Australian population. 63.7% of residents were over 25 years in 2006, compared to the Australian average of 66.5%; and 36.3% were younger than 25 years, compared to the Australian average of 33.5%[1].
The township has several primary schools (Precolumb School 1855 closed in 1938 when pupils transferred to Uley School 1856 to 1971 (Uleybury School is now a Museum) In 1972 a new school was built on McGilp Road). One Tree Hill has an Institute Hall built 1906 and Uniting Church built 1867 (originally Methodist) and many historic buildings.The township has a small shopping centre and Blacksmiths Inn.
The Para Wirra Recreation Park is north-east of the town[5].
The suburb is serviced by the following main roads:
The area is not serviced by Adelaide public transport; the nearest service is an Adelaide Metro bus route at Craigmore, five kilometres to the west of the town. Until Friday 14 May 1982, a daily bus service ran from the township to Adelaide via Golden Grove and Main North East Road (Route 540E). Before that there was a service to the Smithfield Railway Station. The town centre directly links by road to Elizabeth (Yorktown Road), Golden Grove (One Tree Hill Road), Salisbury (Black Top Road), Kersbrook, Gawler and Williamstown. There is no specific provision for bicycles on any of the local roads. There are footpaths on most roads within the town and along Black Top Road in some sections up three kilometres west of the town using land from the old alignment of the road.